Tobacco control in Europe: A review of campaign strategies for teenagers and adults.

BACKGROUND: In Europe the prevalence of tobacco use in adults and adolescents is among the highest within the WHO regions. Many resources have been allocated toward the prevention and support for smoking cessation. However, the implemented strategies in Europe have not been systematically evaluated. METHODS: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify studies that analyzed the efficacy of the main smoking-prevention campaigns conducted in Europe. PRISMA guidelines were used to systematically review and extract data. RESULTS: A total of 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified. Each article was thoroughly reviewed and evaluated for quality, design, and methodology, with reference to the main areas of intervention: school (8); mass media (4) and technological tools (4); smoke-free environments (3); packaging (2) and taxes (3). The school programmes focusing on building skills to recognize and resist negative influences, the intensive use of media and technological equipments, health warnings and excise taxes have showed to be effective tools in reducing the tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS: Intervention programmes to implement tobacco control policies and smoking cessation are active in many European countries. However, these programmes need to be constantly sustained to achieve a long term efficacy.

Día Mundial sin Tabaco 2017. OMS y AMA / World no Tobacco Day 2017. WHO & AMA

En este artículo se explica el motivo de la campaña antitabaco 2017 de la OMS y la participación de la AMA en la lucha contra el tabaquismo.

This article explains the reason for the WHO’s Anti-smoking campaign 2017 and the participation of AMA in the fight against smoking.

Market-level exposure to state antismoking media campaigns and public support for tobacco control policy in the United States, 2001-2002.

OBJECTIVE: This study tests whether exposure to state antismoking media campaigns is associated with increased support for comprehensive bans on smoking indoors and cigarette advertising. METHODS: We combine commercially available data on market-level state-sponsored antismoking advertisements with three waves of the Current Population Survey's Tobacco Use Supplement to test the relationship between market-level volume of state antismoking advertising exposure and support for tobacco control policy between 2001 and 2002. We use logistic regression to assess which message themes employed in the advertisements are associated with increased support for tobacco control policy. RESULTS: The overall market-level volume of exposure to state antismoking ads targeted to adults or the general population was associated with significant increases in support for comprehensive indoor smoking bans. These effects were driven by exposure to ads emphasising the health consequences of smoking to others, anti-industry appeals and irrationality/addiction appeals. Evidence of campaign impact on support for tobacco advertising bans was less clear and, when statistically significant, small in magnitude relative to the impact of the state economic and tobacco control policy environment. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that that large-scale antismoking media campaigns can have a meaningful secondary impact on support for comprehensive indoor smoking bans. Future research should identify the conditions under which mass media campaigns primarily targeting smoking behaviour may influence public support for a variety of other tobacco control policies.

Día Mundial sin Tabaco 2016: prepárate para el empaquetado neutro, 31 de mayo de 2016 / World No Tobacco Day 2016: get ready for the neutral packaging, May 31, 2016

En este artículo se destaca que el empaquetado neutro y el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco (CMCT - OMS) son parte de la campaña antitabaco 2016. Distintas estrategias se vienen realizando todos los años a favor de la salud pública.

This article emphasizes that the neutral packaging and the Who Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Different strategies are being made every year for improving public health.

Recomendación de abandono del tabaquismo en una muestra de adultos de la ciudad de Rosario / Recommendation of Smoking Cessation in an Adult Sample of the City of Rosario

Introducción: El tabaquismo es la principal causa de muerte prevenible en el mundo; pese a ello, muchos médicos no aconsejan a sus pacientes dejar de fumar. Objetivos: Evaluar las características del consumo de tabaco y la frecuencia en la recomendación de su abandono en adultos de la ciudad de Rosario mediante un estudio transversal realizado entre julio y diciembre de 2010. Material y métodos: Encuesta cerrada prefijada realizada mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia a individuos mayores de edad concurrentes a los seis distritos de la ciudad de Rosario, a los cuales asistían por cuestiones no relacionadas con el cuidado de su salud. Resultados: Se encuestaron 1.217 voluntarios; el 57% fueron mujeres y el 11% trabajaban en ámbitos relacionados con la atención de la salud. La edad promedio fue de 48 años; fumaban el 28% de los encuestados y el 24% eran extabaquistas. La mediana de intentos para dejar de fumar fue menor en extabaquistas (1 vs. 3 veces; p < 0,0001). El 72,5% de los que recibieron la recomendación de dejar de fumar durante el año precedente intentaron hacerlo, mientras que de los que no recibieron consejo lo intentó el 57% (p = 0,003). Se realizó un análisis factorial de correspondencias múltiples y posterior clasificación, que mostró que los tabaquistas que no intentaron dejar de fumar comenzaron a edades mayores y consumían menos cigarrillos diarios. Conclusiones: La calidad de la recomendación de abandonar el hábito de fumar y la autopercepción del riesgo que esta adicción supone son aspectos no jerarquizados en forma sistemática al abordar esta temática. Consideramos que el presente estudio pone de relieve la importancia de estos aspectos, los cuales se deberán profundizar en el futuro para una mejor aproximación a la complejidad del logro del cese del consumo de tabaco.

Backgroung: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide; nevertheless, many physicians do not advice to quit smoking. Objectives: The goal of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the characteristics of tobacco use and the frequency of smoking cessation recommendation in adults in the city of Rosario between July and December 2010. Methods: A closed survey was performed to adults attending the seven districts of the city of Rosario for reasons not related to health care, using a prearranged questionnaire based on non-probability convenience sampling. Results: A total of 1,217 volunteers were surveyed; 57% were women and 11% worked in health care sectors. Mean age was 48 years; 28% were current smokers and 24% were former smokers. The median number of attempts to quit smoking was lower in former smokers (1 vs. 3 times; p < 0.0001). Of those who received advice to quit smoking, 72.5% attempted to do so during the preceding year, while 57% of those not receiving advice tried to quit smoking (p = 0.003). A multiple correspondence factor analysis with subsequent classification showed that current smokers who did not attempt cessation started smoking later in life and smoked fewer cigarettes per day. Conclusions: The quality of the recommendation for smoking cessation and the self-perception of the risk associated with this addiction are aspects that are not systematically taken into account when this topic is raised. We consider that the present study emphasizes the importance of theses aspects, which should undergo further evaluation in the future for a better approach to the complexity of achieving tobacco cessation.

Recomendación de abandono del tabaquismo en una muestra de adultos de la ciudad de Rosario / Recommendation of Smoking Cessation in an Adult Sample of the City of Rosario

Introducción: El tabaquismo es la principal causa de muerte prevenible en el mundo; pese a ello, muchos médicos no aconsejan a sus pacientes dejar de fumar. Objetivos: Evaluar las características del consumo de tabaco y la frecuencia en la recomendación de su abandono en adultos de la ciudad de Rosario mediante un estudio transversal realizado entre julio y diciembre de 2010. Material y métodos: Encuesta cerrada prefijada realizada mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia a individuos mayores de edad concurrentes a los seis distritos de la ciudad de Rosario, a los cuales asistían por cuestiones no relacionadas con el cuidado de su salud. Resultados: Se encuestaron 1.217 voluntarios; el 57% fueron mujeres y el 11% trabajaban en ámbitos relacionados con la atención de la salud. La edad promedio fue de 48 años; fumaban el 28% de los encuestados y el 24% eran extabaquistas. La mediana de intentos para dejar de fumar fue menor en extabaquistas (1 vs. 3 veces; p < 0,0001). El 72,5% de los que recibieron la recomendación de dejar de fumar durante el año precedente intentaron hacerlo, mientras que de los que no recibieron consejo lo intentó el 57% (p = 0,003). Se realizó un análisis factorial de correspondencias múltiples y posterior clasificación, que mostró que los tabaquistas que no intentaron dejar de fumar comenzaron a edades mayores y consumían menos cigarrillos diarios. Conclusiones: La calidad de la recomendación de abandonar el hábito de fumar y la autopercepción del riesgo que esta adicción supone son aspectos no jerarquizados en forma sistemática al abordar esta temática. Consideramos que el presente estudio pone de relieve la importancia de estos aspectos, los cuales se deberán profundizar en el futuro para una mejor aproximación a la complejidad del logro del cese del consumo de tabaco.(AU)

Backgroung: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide; nevertheless, many physicians do not advice to quit smoking. Objectives: The goal of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the characteristics of tobacco use and the frequency of smoking cessation recommendation in adults in the city of Rosario between July and December 2010. Methods: A closed survey was performed to adults attending the seven districts of the city of Rosario for reasons not related to health care, using a prearranged questionnaire based on non-probability convenience sampling. Results: A total of 1,217 volunteers were surveyed; 57% were women and 11% worked in health care sectors. Mean age was 48 years; 28% were current smokers and 24% were former smokers. The median number of attempts to quit smoking was lower in former smokers (1 vs. 3 times; p < 0.0001). Of those who received advice to quit smoking, 72.5% attempted to do so during the preceding year, while 57% of those not receiving advice tried to quit smoking (p = 0.003). A multiple correspondence factor analysis with subsequent classification showed that current smokers who did not attempt cessation started smoking later in life and smoked fewer cigarettes per day. Conclusions: The quality of the recommendation for smoking cessation and the self-perception of the risk associated with this addiction are aspects that are not systematically taken into account when this topic is raised. We consider that the present study emphasizes the importance of theses aspects, which should undergo further evaluation in the future for a better approach to the complexity of achieving tobacco cessation.(AU)